When was ghb found

GHB typically takes from minutes to take effect, and depending on the dose, can last up to 4 hours. GHB occurs naturally in the central nervous system and peripheral tissue.

It is also a minor metabolite and gamma aminobutyric acid GABA precursor. Depending on the dose, GHB alters dopamine activity in the brain:. Long-term GHB use whether under medical supervision or recreational in nature can lead to the following symptoms:. When used repeatedly, GHB has a high addictive potential. Severe and incapacitating withdrawal effects may include:.

There is little information available on treatment options for GHB addiction, as it is with other club drugs. Memory loss is a common complication of treatment, often resulting in relapse. Henri Laborit actually began clinical research about it.

In it was discovered that GHB occurs naturally in the human brain. Throughout the 's GHB was initially used as an anesthetic, as a treatment for alcohol withdrawal and as an anti-ulcer agent. In Italy, France and other European countries GHB was widely used as an anesthetic in childbirth and as a sleeping agent. In the 's, they began studying the use of GHB in the treatment of narcolepsy-associated cataplexy and hypersomnia and found it to be actually effective but for its euphoric side-effects.

In the 's GHB began to be marketed as a muscle developer and fat burner, causing a spike in its popularity. Soon after, the risks of abuse began to surface and more than 30 documented reports of GHB-linked illnesses compelled the FDA to declare GHB unsafe and ordered its removal from store shelves, limiting access to it by non-medical users. Some users claim GHB enhances sexuality. People who experience cataplexy sudden loss of muscle tone associated with narcolepsy may be prescribed GHB in its pharmaceutical form, known as Xyrem.

For people with this condition, taking the drug at night helps to reduce daytime sleepiness. A survey of Ontario students in grades 7 to 12 reported that 0. Adult use of GHB in Canada has not been studied. The way you feel when you take GHB is similar to the way some people feel when they drink alcohol. At a low dose, users usually feel more sociable, less inhibited and lightheaded. A slightly higher dose intensifies these effects or makes you drowsy and dizzy.

A little more may cause nausea and vomiting, and a higher dose can make you slip into a deep sleep. An overdose can result in difficulty breathing, a lowered heart rate, convulsions and even death. With GHB there is only a slight difference between a dose that produces the desired effects and a dose that puts the user at risk. If you have a little too much GHB, the consequences can be fatal. The effects of GHB can generally be felt 10 to 20 minutes after you take it, and can last up to four hours, depending on the dose.

Signs of addiction include using GHB more often than intended, and continuing to use it despite negative consequences. People who use GHB regularly can develop tolerance to the effects of the drug, which means they may need to take more to get the desired effect. Regular use can also cause physical dependence. People who are physically dependent on GHB will experience withdrawal symptoms if they abruptly stop using the drug. Withdrawal symptoms can include anxiety, tremors, inability to sleep and other unpleasant, potentially dangerous effects, including paranoia with hallucinations and high blood pressure.

People who are physically dependent on GHB should seek medical help to ease withdrawal. GHB withdrawal can be life threatening. Since GHB is illegal, there are no controls over the strength and purity of the drugs produced.

Deaths have been reported. When GHB is taken with alcohol or other drugs, the effects are more intense, and the risk of toxic effects and overdose increases. GHB-related deaths usually involve other drugs, such as alcohol. GHB is a potent sedative, causing users to lose consciousness and fall into a deep sleep from which they might not wake for several hours.

When in a GHB sleep, people may have trouble breathing and convulsions can occur. Waymart, PA. New York City, NY.

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Center for Substance Abuse Research. GHB or Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate. Commonly Abused Drugs Charts. Nine things you should know about GHB. Showing 4 of 16 Centers.

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